TRANSPLANTATION OF MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE REVERSIBLE CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS)

The issue of treating cerebrovascular disorders is very important due to their wide occurrence in the human population, especially in the elderly. The resulting ischemia of brain tissues leads to mortality, violent behaviour, biochemical and morphological changes in the brain. Correlation analysis allows evaluating the statistical relationship between two random variables or two-dimensional data. In recent years, the neuroprotective properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been actively studied. Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke is one of the ways of the modern regenerative strategy in the treatment of this pathology. Aim. Тhe study was to analyse the correlations between biochemical indicators determined in the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus, morphological manifestations of neuroapoptosis, and parameters of CNS functioning in acute cerebral ischemia in rats after MSCs transplantation. Methods. A 20-minute bilateral cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Experimental animals were intravenously injected with mesenchymal stromal cells from human umbilical cord Wharton jelly (hWJMSCs) or adult adipose-derived stem cells (hAD-MSCs). Rats were evaluated for mortality dynamics, neurological deficits, and biochemical parameters 7 and 14 days after surgery. Results. Mortality after transplantation of hWJ-MSCs was 10% versus 65% in the control group and 32% in the group of rats that received hAD-MSCs. On day 7, the mean McGraw scores were 7.1 Ѓ} 0.19/ 8.9 Ѓ} 0.23 /11.8 Ѓ} 0.48 points in rats injected with hWJ-MSCs/ hAD-MSCs/saline; on day 14, these were 4.9 Ѓ} 0.15/ 5.7 Ѓ} 0.23/ 9.1 Ѓ} 0.30 points, respectively. Transplantation of esenchymal stromal cells eliminated energy deficiency in ischemic rat brain tissue, reduced metabolic acidosis and oxidative damage to neurons, and had a positive effect on nitric oxide metabolism, but hAD-MSCs were less effective. Conclusions. Transplantation of hWJ-MSCs had a better therapeutic effect than transplantation of hAD-MSCs.