Innovative Hybrid Models for Predicting Diabetes: CNN-LSTM Hybrid and Calibrated Soft Voting Model

This study assesses four ensemble techniques—stacking, soft voting, hard voting, and calibrated soft voting—for predicting diabetes onset using the Pima Indians Diabetes dataset. Traditional single-model methods are contrasted with these advanced ensemble approaches, which integrate multiple models to enhance predictive accuracy. The evaluation included metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC. The CNN-LSTM model was also examined, achieving an accuracy of 75%, precision of 70%, recall of 69%, and an F1 score of 72%. Among the suggested methods, the calibrated soft vote model was the most effective, with improved performance compared to the rest of the techniques. Upcoming studies will address the combination of these models with real-time monitoring systems and deploying their use across a broad range of datasets and medical conditions.