LIGHTING IN CLIMATE-ADAPTED RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE

Light is a formative, functional, and meaningful component of any architecture. Since ancient times, light has played a key role in sacred architecture, and also significantly affects the architectural, structural, and planning solutions of residential and public buildings.Visible light poses 42-45% of the energy of the optical range, and 1/2 is infrared radiation. A significant part of visible light is absorbed by surfaces and transform into heat, which significantly effects on interior air temperature. When ratio window to floor area increases overheating probability of the room in the hot season growth. Hot season becomes longer due to global warming. If we aimed to ensure optimal temperature indicators in the new conditions, it is necessary to use sun protection in combination with various optical devices for daylighting rooms. Light openings reducing area is one of the ways to solve this problem, but it contradicts residential development trends of modern architecture of the last 50-70s years. It negatively affects the visual and spatial parameters of the rooms, reduce illumination indicators. That is why we should be search some lighting diversification ways. The search for appropriate means and techniques will help us to find a balance between the permeability of building shell and heating, ventilation, and cooling systems using to ensure optimal daylight conditions. Light pipes, light fiber, mirrors other devices is such fitting today. Light pipes are the most common installation for ensuring better daylight conditions in a room or its parts. The advantage of their use is ten times lower heat loss/heat gain compared to windows. A similar devices are light pipes, which can be used as in new buildings and as in existed during reconstruction. Using a system of mirrors, we can illuminate basement on significally better level. In this case, the light-receiving surface is mounted in the pavement surface. In some cases, basements can be illuminated with artificial light which imitates natural light very realistically. We can use it for underground shelters, laboratories, some other spaces. Natural lighting devices should work in tandem with dynamic, not static, sun protection installation in a temperate climate. These can be screens, horizontal, vertical, curved blinds and slats.