Exploring Sustainable Dive Tourism: An Empirical Study of the Profile and Environmental Awareness Among South African Dive Tourists

The rapid expansion of dive tourism, driven by a desire to explore pristine locations before they deteriorate, has led to increased habitat alteration and biodiversity loss. Understanding the characteristics and environmental behaviour of diving tourists is essential for promoting the sustainability of diving destinations. This research investigates dive tourists' profiles and environmental knowledge at KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa dive sites. The study was conducted with a sample size of 242 dive tourists from an estimated population of 560. Data were collected through an online survey due to COVID-19 restrictions, focusing on demographic profiles, environmental behaviours, and perceptions of environmental impacts among dive tourists. Analysis using SPSS revealed that most dive tourists are young to middle-aged adults, predominantly white, with a high level of education and employment status, indicating significant disposable income. The key findings show a strong preference for Aliwal as a diving location, potentially leading to environmental stress due to high visitation. Although most divers know ethical and ecological practices, there is a gap in awareness about specific environmental impacts, highlighting the need for enhanced educational initiatives. The study highlights the importance of consistent briefing on environmental issues by dive operators and the potential of leveraging digital platforms for environmental education. The research further informs the necessity for sustainable dive practices and effective management strategies to preserve marine ecosystems.