Sustaining Swaki (Sea Urchin): The Role of Fisheries in Panglao, Bohol

Sea urchin collection is a traditional fishing practice among coastal villagers in the Philippines. Beyond providing subsistence, it serves as a crucial source of livelihood and income for these communities. In Bohol, Tripneustes gratilla, locally known as “Swaki,” is the preferred sea urchin species collected due to its gonad or roe. The gathering of sea urchins is rarely documented in the country despite its substantial contribution to the socio-economic well-being of the coastal people. This study employed a descriptive survey method to investigate the “Swaki” fisheries in Panglao, Bohol, with a focus on the demographic profile, collection practices, size structure, and associated environmental concerns. Survey results from 60 collectors revealed that a significant number are from Barangay Doljo, predominantly composed of women and middle-aged individuals. Educational levels vary, with most being high school graduates. Collectors with more than 12 years of experience in “Swaki” gleaning have a total of 68 percent, which emphasizes the long-standing nature of the fisheries in Panglao. Daily collection occurred in seagrass-rich areas, with an estimated 120,000 individuals harvested or an annual extraction volume of about 43.8 million sea urchins. The sampled urchins have a mean test diameter of 61.4 ± 6.3 mm. Crude post-harvest processing is often done onshore. The “Swaki” roe sale provides a daily income of 300-1,000 pesos. Environmental issues include the risk of overharvesting and waste disposal, which impact habitats and water quality. Sustainable management strategies are recommended to preserve this vital livelihood in Panglao, Bohol.