Multichannel surface wave analysis in the context of shallow geophysical investigations

The application of multichannel surface wave analysis (MASW) has proven to be an effective method for non-invasive investigation of shallow geological structures, especially under complex conditions with heterogeneous layers and the presence of groundwater. In the technical stone quarry field in Čelina, MASW enabled precise soil characterization, identification of transition zones and anomalies, and determination of seismic resistance of layers based on the Vs30 parameter. The investigations confirmed the presence of a fault structure within the deposit, with the wider fault zone proving to be hydrogeologically significant, potentially acting as an aquifer. The geological composition of the carbonate terrain, characterized by lateral variability, required a conservative approach to the analysis based on the fundamental dispersion mode. The creation of a three-dimensional model from combined MASW profiles provided accurate spatial insight into the mechanical properties of the soil, facilitating engineering decision-making for future interventions. The results also indicated the need for further investigations, including the potential drilling of an exploration borehole in the fault zone to confirm the presence of an aquifer layer. MASW is confirmed as a reliable, economical, and practically applicable method for a wide range of engineering and hydrogeological studies. Its ability to quickly profile the soil makes it suitable for urban and inaccessible areas, and when combined with other geophysical methods, it can contribute to an integrated approach to subsurface analysis.