Elevation of Serum Mitsugumin 53 Biomarker in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Case-Control Study from Southern of Iraq

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a medical emergency condition that causes permanent damage to the heart muscle as a result of persistent ischemia that needs a diagnosis and care right away. Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) is a muscle-derived myokine that plays a crucial role in repairing cell membrane damage and protecting tissues, including the heart, after injury such as myocardial infarction. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of using Mitsugumin 53(MG53), in distinguishing STEMI from healthy controls and assessing their predictive ability in STEMI subtype. Materials and methods: The 46 patients diagnosed with STEMI in the emergency department and 82 healthy controls were included in this study. The levels of MG53 were analyzed using a sandwich-based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA), and other basic biochemical parameters of the study samples were analyzed using a enzymatic methods and a sandwich-based electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique (ECLIA). Results: Serum levels of MG53 were significantly increased in STEMI patients compared to controls individual. Specifically, STEMI demonstrated higher MG53 concentrations (461.652±38.776 pg/mL vs. 373.232±7.061 pg/mL; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the MG53 biomarker demonstrates outstanding diagnostic performance in STEMI patients as reflected by its ROC curve metrics (cut-off > 381.5 pg/ml, 93.6 %sensitivity, 86.6% specificity, and 97.8 % AUC, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that blood MG53 level was significantly increased in STEMI patients compared to healthy control. The present study indicates that MG53 is Highly diagnostic and sensitive novel biomarker for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.