Modeling and Simulation of AVR Systems in MATLAB/Simulink: Performance Comparison of PID and ANN Controllers

This study presents the design and modeling of an Automated Voltage Regulator (AVR) using MATLAB/Simulink, with a comparative performance evaluation against Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controllers. Voltage regulation is crucial to ensure reliable and stable power delivery under varying load conditions. In this work, a dynamic system model was developed to represent the electrical network, followed by the implementation of control algorithms to maintain output voltage within acceptable limits. The proposed approach was assessed through extensive simulations under multiple operating conditions and disturbances. The results demonstrate that ANN-based control outperforms both conventional AVR and PID controllers in terms of peak time, settling time, rise time, and overshoot percentage. Furthermore, ANN provides superior stability and adaptability in handling load variations, establishing it as the most effective control strategy for voltage regulation.