Integrated kinetic, thermodynamic, and statistical investigation of aniline blue dye removal using magnesium silicate nanoparticles

Magnesium silicate nanoparticles were found to be an effective adsorbent for aniline blue dye from wastewater. Using the sol-gel technique, magnesium silicate nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Aniline blue removal was done at room temperature, pH 4, and a dosage of 3 g/L was about 99% in the first 30 min. Magnesium silicate can also be used for four cycles to adsorb Aniline blue dye without the need for disposal, which supports the principle of recycling. Response surface methodology was used for statistical analysis to investigate the impact of the factors. By studying the isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics, it became clear that the adsorption process involves a physical interaction that adheres to the Freundlich isotherm, follows pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the boundary layer (film) diffusion identified as the rate-determining step. The process is endothermic and spontaneous. Magnesium silicate nanoparticles were successfully used to remove dye contaminants from various actual water samples. The material's reliability and potential for real-world environmental applications were demonstrated by the high efficiency and consistent adsorption results across multiple sample types.