Large-scale simulations of lattice QCD for nucleon structure using Nf=2+1+1 flavors of twisted mass fermions

Understanding the internal structure of protons and neutrons is a fundamental challenge in nuclear physics that requires both theoretical and computational advances. In this work, we present results from large-scale lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) simulations performed on European supercomputing facilities to calculate key nucleon structure quantities. Our calculations use gauge field configurations with N f =2+1+1 twisted mass Wilson-clover fermions at physical quark masses and multiple lattice spacings, allowing for controlled continuum extrapolations. The highly optimized tmLQCD software, combined with the QUDA library for GPU acceleration, enables efficient execution on current heterogeneous computing architectures. We provide details of this computational approach and present our latest results on nucleon structure observables, including nucleon charges, electromagnetic form factors, and momentum fraction. These results include the first continuum extrapolation of nucleon structure quantities using only simulations at physical quark masses, eliminating systematic uncertainties associated with chiral extrapolations.