Phytochemical analysis of Polyalthia sclerophylla twigs utilizing classical techniques and GC-MS: Evaluation of cytotoxic and antibacterial properties

The primary objective of the present investigation is to extract compounds from Polyalthia sclerophylla twigs (abbreviated as EPST) and subsequently analyze their chemical constituents using GS-MS and conventional phytochemical methods. The bio-medical properties of EPST were assessed by the evaluation of its antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. In this study, three distinct solvents were used for the purpose of extracting EPST, resulting in the production of three distinct samples, namely Methanol-EPST (M-EPST), Dichloromethane- EPST (D-EPST) and Hexane-EPST (H-EPST). The phytochemical analysis identified glycosides and terpenoids in all examined specimens. Nevertheless, alkaloids were not present in all of them. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)analysis revealed the presence of a total of twelve organic components. Higher percentages of Benzene, 1,3-bis(3-phenoxyphenoxy), furfural, and phenol were detected, but lower levels were identified for Azetidine and Pyridine, 2-fluoro-. The EPST cytotoxicity evaluation was conducted using the Alamar blue test with MG-63 cells. Nevertheless, the findings indicate that no negative impact was observed at any dose level since the availability of cells increased. M-EPST, D-EPST, and H-EPST were subjected to experimentation involving six bacterial pathogens. The results of this study demonstrated that all three compounds had substantial efficacy in inhibiting the development of these bacteria. The methanol extract (M-EPST) exhibited greater efficacy in suppressing bacterial growththan the D-EPST and H-EPST extracts. The current investigation has provided evidence that crude PST exhibits a wide range of chemical compositions, resulting in notable chemical, biomedical, and biological features and a lack of toxicity.