Exploring the Transformation Path and Enlightenment of Border Cities: A Case Study of Jilong, Tibet, China

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the border city of Jilong in Tibet, China, within the wider context of the global south and the transformation of China’s interior frontier in recent decades. It examines the transformation process of Jilong, identifies the driving factors of its development, and investigates the implementation and impact of relevant policies. Employing a longitudinal case study method, semi-structured interviews, and multi-source data analysis (including policy documents, statistical bulletins, and field notes), this research examines Jilong’s transformation trajectory, the factors behind this change, and policy implementation outcomes. The findings reveal that Jilong has undergone a significant transition from a traditional border trade point to a national strategic hub. Industrial diversification, infrastructure modernization, and governance innovation are recognized as central to this transformation. Additionally, the study also finds challenges such as ecological vulnerability, geological disaster risk, and the necessity for enhancement in cross-border collaboration mechanisms, proposing measures like green development, customs facilitation, and a system for both importing and cultivating local talent. This research emphasizes the transformation of border cities from a complex interplay of national strategy, external shocks, and local initiative. It accordingly advocates for an integrated development model, which combines policy empowerment, resilient infrastructure, cultivation of distinctive industries, and refined border governance. This study adds to research on border cities in the Global South and provides insights for supporting sustainable development in similar cities located in strategic corridors.