Mental Health Literacy in Italy: Validation of the MHLq-YA and Implications for Targeted Interventions

Introduction: The growing prevalence of mental health issues among young adults highlights the need for validated tools to assess mental health literacy (MHL), particularly in non- English-speaking countries such as Italy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2023 with 321 Italian young adults (69.8% female; mean age = 20.97 years), who completed the 29-item Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire for Young Adults (MHLq-YA). Validity and reliability were assessed using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (EFA and CFA). Pearson correlations examined associations between MHL and socio-demographic variables. Results: The Italian version of the MHLq-YA demonstrated strong psychometric properties, confirming a four-factor structure and high internal consistency. Female participants and those with personal exposure to mental health problems had significantly higher MHL scores. Younger individuals were more likely to endorse misconceptions and stereotypes about mental health. Discussion: These findings support the MHLq-YA as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing MHL in Italian youth. The observed associations with gender, age, and personal experience emphasize the importance of targeted educational approaches to improve MHL. Conclusion: The validated Italian MHLq-YA offers a culturally appropriate tool for measuring mental health literacy among young adults. It can inform the development of tailored interventions, educational programs, and public health campaigns aimed at enhancing mental health awareness and reducing stigma in Italy's youth population.