EFFICIENCY OF WINTER WHEAT FOLIAR FERTILIZATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOOTHILL ZONE IN RNO-ALANIA

A lot of modern researches deals with foliar nutrient application. The use of biological fertilizers obtained from natural raw materials during the agricultural crops cultivation for foliar treatment of plants within the growing season is of particular importance. In the period 2022-2024, special researches were conducted to study the response of winter wheat varieties to foliar treatment, depending on the growth regulator and microfertilizers, on the productivity and quality of winter wheat seeds. The current research is aimed at studying: the growth and development characteristics of winter wheat varieties based on the fertilizers used; the effect of the growth regulator and microfertilizers on the photosynthetic activity of wheat crops; the effect of the fertilizers used on the yield and quality of winter wheat seeds; the economic assessment of the studied growth regulators and microfertilizers effectiveness during the winter wheat cultivation. The results of the current research showed that winter wheat crops treatment with a solution of the growth regulators Bigus and VR, and the microfertilizer Ultramag Kombi highly effected the crops structure, photosynthetic potential, assimilation surface of crops, photosynthesis productivity, dry biomass of plants, the yield, and quality of wheat seeds. According to the experimental variants, the yield was in the period of 4.46 to 4.87 t/ha, the yield with fertilizers increased with 0.52-0.93 t/ha or 13.2-23.6% for the Elanchik variety, for the Bagrat variety it was 4.53-4.98 t/ha, 0.57-1.02 t/ha, or 14.4-25.8%, which is more than the control. The most significant increase in yield – 1.02 t/ha relative to the control was in the joint treatment experimental variant with the growth regulator + microfertilizer for the Bagrat variety. With a maximum yield of 4.87 and 4.98 t/ha, pure income amounted to 41.05-42.81 thousand rubles for both varieties. Profitability amounted to 111.3-116.1%.