Molecular Detection and Characterization of Bovine Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in Aborted Fetuses and Semen Samples from Paraguay

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the most prevalent pathogen in cattle and causes significant economic losses due to its severe clinical manifestations. It belongs to the family Flaviviridae and is distributed in species A, B, and H within the genus <i>Pestivirus</i>. The objective of this study was to detect and characterize BVDV using molecular techniques (RT-PCR) in semen and aborted fetuses samples that were sent to the CEDIVEP (Veterinary Diagnostic Center of Paraguay) laboratory. Seventy-three samples of semen from bulls were analyzed, and 54.7% of the samples were positive for <i>Pestivirus A</i>. The presence of <i>Pestivirus A</i> and <i>H</i> was detected in 2/8 spontaneously aborted fetuses. The genotypes of four individual samples of type <i>A</i> and four samples of type <i>H</i> organs were confirmed by partial sequencing of the 5-UTR region. The presence of BVDV was confirmed by molecular techniques for the first time in our country through its detection in different types of samples, as well as the presence of two genotypes. This suggests that the circulation of this virus can cause significant losses in cattle production in Paraguay.