Fusing Biomimetic Engineering with Nanotechnology: The Rise of Platelet Membrane‐Coated Nanoparticles as a Versatile Platform for Biomedical Innovation

Abstract Nanoencapsulation offers a novel way to enhance drug stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery. However, traditional nanoparticle delivery faces challenges such as short circulation durations and detection by the immune system. To overcome these issues, nanoparticles coated with cell membranes have been suggested as an effective solution. Platelet membrane‐coated nanoparticles (PMCNPs) are gaining traction as a new strategy for targeted therapy due to their advantages compared to conventional drug treatments. These nanoparticles provide a promising alternative by integrating the benefits of nanoparticles with the natural disguise of platelet membranes. This bio‐inspired approach helps nanoparticles evade immune detection, extend their circulation time, and enhance their targeting capabilities. Furthermore, refining surface functionalization and optimization techniques, can enhance the stability and targeting accuracy of PMCNPs, offering possibilities for treating diseases. Their use in gene delivery systems and gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR‐Cas9, introduces novel possibilities for precision medicine and advanced therapeutic applications. This review presents a comprehensive overview of bio‐nano platforms, focusing on the fabrication, characterization, and subsequently the current applications of PMCNPs in drug delivery, cancer therapy, immune modulation, and gene delivery systems. Finally, the challenges and future strategies for optimizing these innovative bio‐inspired nanosystems for clinical application and overcoming existing limitations.