Modern aspects of the etiopathogenesis of bleeding during childbirth and the postpartum period in low-risk patients (literature review)

Pathological blood loss complicates the course of labor and postpartum periods even in patients with an initially low risk of these complications. The purpose of the study . To provide an overview of foreign and domestic scientific literature on the causes of bleeding during childbirth and the postpartum period in low-risk patients. Materials and methods . The search was carried out in literary databases: Medline, Pubmed, Web of Science, Elibrary. Results . It has been revealed that currently the polymorphism of thrombophilia and vascular-endothelial growth factors genes plays a major role in the formation of endothelial dysfunction, which is given special attention when discussing the genesis of bleeding during childbirth and the postpartum period in patients at high risk of developing pathological blood loss. However, there is no evidence of the effect of these mechanisms on the formation of pathological blood loss in the postpartum period and in childbirth in low-risk patients. The prospects for research in this field are characterized by the potential to identify new risk factors, uncover pathogenesis links, and predict postpartum bleeding.