Robust Disturbance Rejection Scheme for Frequency Regulation in Renewable-Integrated Power

With the increasing integration of renewable energy sources into modern power systems, maintaining grid stability and ensuring effective frequency regulation have become critical challenges. First, a novel control framework combining the Generalized Extended State Observer (GESO) and Sliding Mode Control (SMC) is developed to mitigate frequency deviations and enhance system stability under dynamic conditions. The proposed Disturbance Rejection Scheme (DRS) is mathematically validated using the Lyapunov theorem, ensuring its theoretical soundness and reliability. The effectiveness of the DRS law is demonstrated through MATLAB simulations in handling frequency fluctuations caused by random load disturbances, high wind power penetration, and sudden outages, enabling smooth system operation. Unlike traditional SMC-based controllers, the proposed framework effectively reduced chattering in control signals, improving overall performance and system efficiency. Furthermore, the DRS law played a crucial role in optimally redistributing power among interconnected subsystems, thereby enhancing transient response and minimizing unnecessary tie-line power exchanges. Additionally, the integration of wind power support into the system significantly contributed to increase grid flexibility and stability, validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach in renewable-integrated power systems.