Impact of Parasocial Relationships and Communication on Mental Health in Digital Fandom

Digital fandoms, particularly in the context of K-Pop, have emerged as significant social phenomena, with parasocial relationships and interpersonal communication playing crucial roles in shaping the mental health of fans. This study investigates how these elements influence the well-being of fans within digital fandoms, focusing on BTS fans in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to explore the indirect effects of parasocial relationships on mental health, mediated by interpersonal communication within fan communities. A quantitative, cross-sectional approach was employed, surveying 84 BTS Army members using structured questionnaires. The findings reveal that while parasocial relationships positively affect mental health, the impact is mediated through interpersonal communication within fandoms, which provides emotional support and a sense of belonging. This research highlights the dual role of fan-to-fan interactions in enhancing mental health outcomes. The results suggest that fostering supportive communication within fan communities can strengthen mental well-being, underlining the importance of meaningful interpersonal connections in digital spaces. This study contributes to the literature by offering a nuanced understanding of the interplay between parasocial relationships and interpersonal communication in influencing mental health, with implications for both fandom dynamics and digital mental health interventions. Future research should explore broader fandoms and incorporate longitudinal data to assess the long-term effects of these relationships on mental health.