Blockchain Technology for Securing Electronic Health Records and Enhancing Data Privacy

The increasing digitalization of healthcare systems has elevated concerns surrounding the security and privacy of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), particularly given the vulnerabilities associated with centralized data management. This study investigates a decentralized Blockchain framework as a strategic approach to enhance EHR security and strengthen patient data privacy. The research aims to explore how Blockchain’s inherent features immutability, distributed architecture, and cryptographic security can address critical issues such as unauthorized access, data tampering, and limited patient control over health information. Adopting a qualitative methodology, the study integrates a systematic literature review, case study analysis of healthcare organizations utilizing Blockchain, and expert interviews with professionals in healthcare IT, legal compliance, and Blockchain development. The findings reveal that Blockchain significantly improves data integrity, ensures secure data sharing across stakeholders, and enables automated access control through smart contracts. Case studies highlight practical benefits such as reduced data breaches, enhanced patient consent mechanisms, and interoperability across fragmented healthcare systems. However, the research also identifies challenges related to scalability, regulatory compliance, and integration with legacy systems. The study concludes that while Blockchain offers a robust and transparent solution for securing EHRs, successful implementation requires a hybrid architecture, supportive policy frameworks, and stakeholder collaboration. These insights contribute to the growing discourse on digital health transformation and provide actionable recommendations for advancing secure, patient centric data governance models in healthcare.