Link-Based Distributed Co-Optimization of Power Dispatch and EV Routing in Solar Pavement-Enabled Power-Transportation Networks

Solar pavements (SPs) can offer clean electricity and accommodate road traffic, thereby enabling coupled power-transportation networks (CPTNs) from the generation side. However, SPs that are inherently dual-functional may introduce conflicts in the CPTN coordination, making the integrated management of SP performance and electric vehicle (EV) routing challenging. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a link-based approach for coordinated scheduling of SP-enabled power-transportation networks. Specifically, we establish a generalized analytical SP generation model considering the actual SP structure and dynamic shadow of vehicles to guarantee the accurate SP generation estimation. Then, we develop a novel link-based mixed user equilibrium model that employs link flows as decision variables, circumventing the complex feasible route generation required by traditional route-based models. Besides, we design a tailored endogenous flow-dependent toll to adaptively and dynamically regulate traffic flows on SP links by integrating SP generation performance and link congestion level. Under mild conditions, we prove that there exists a unique equilibrium solution. To preserve privacy between two entities, a stable and adaptive alternating direction of multipliers method (SA-ADMM) based on the regularized Barzilai-Borwein scheme is developed to efficiently solve the coordinated optimization model. Numerical studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.