TEACHING HISTORY IN TEACHING UNIVERSITIES THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE LOCAL PAST: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

The article outlines the key educational goal, the principles of state policy regarding its implementation in our country (Law of Ukraine “On Education” of September 5, 2017). The concepts of “competence”, “distance learning” are thoroughly understood. The disadvantages and advantages of the latter are considered, in particular in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The significance of historical local history in the context of teaching the history of Ukraine to students of pedagogical universities is analyzed in detail, highlighting the theoretical and practical aspects of such an approach. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to form in higher education students a conscious attitude towards their own history and identity, which is especially important in the conditions of globalization and rapid cultural changes. The article pays great attention to methods of teaching history, in particular traditional (lectures, seminars, practicals, preparation of essays, group work) and innovative (discussions, competitions, quizzes, cases, projects, creation of blogs, video materials). A review of digital tools for various purposes is carried out: for interactive presentations (Prezi, Canva, Google Slides, Nearpod); online platforms for creating virtual tours and developing interactive maps (StoryMapJS, ArcGIS StoryMaps, Google Maps); gamification of the historical educational process (Cossacks: European Wars, Kingdom Come: Deliverance); platforms for online testing (Kahoot or Quizizz); social networks (Facebook, Instagram, TikTok). Attention is drawn to the fact that the integration of local history into the educational process not only increases students’ interest in learning, but also contributes to the development of their critical thinking. The role of production practices of historians in pedagogical universities is studied, which, even in conditions of distance learning, are important for the formation of professional competencies, such as the ability to create interactive educational materials, organize online classes and effectively communicate with their students in a virtual environment. A positive aspect is the cooperation of universities and local museums and archival institutions.