A Semantic Compliance Tracking Framework for BIM Workflows Based on ISO 21597 and SHACL

As information exchange in BIM workflows becomes increasingly complex, ensuring the traceability and compliance of project documentation remains a key challenge. This study proposes a semantic compliance tracking framework that connects IFC-based BIM data with ISO 21597-compliant information containers to support document lifecycle transparency and standards-based delivery. The system utilizes RDF modeling and SHACL constraints to automatically validate metadata elements such as revision history, author attribution, and modification dates. Developed using open-source tools including IfcOpenShell and RDFLib, the framework enables the creation of enriched ICDD containers and supports SPARQL-based querying for semantic compliance. A case study involving representative model components illustrates the system’s ability to identify missing or outdated documents and highlight nonconforming metadata. The findings demonstrate that the framework reduces manual effort, enhances auditability, and promotes structured digital delivery aligned with ISO 19650 principles.