Topographic Influence on Vegetation Cover in the Akramah Region, Eastern Libya: A GIS and Remote Sensing Approach

This study aims to analyze the impact of topographic features on vegetation cover in the Akramah region of eastern Libya using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The research utilized satellite imagery from Landsat 8 and a digital elevation model (DEM) to extract key topographic parameters such as elevation, slope, and aspect, which were then compared with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to assess correlations. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between topographic variables and vegetation density. Visual interpretation and field surveys indicated that the majority of the study area suffers from sparse or absent vegetation cover, with a clear association between terrain characteristics and plant distribution. Areas with gentle slopes and north-facing aspects exhibited higher NDVI values due to better moisture retention, whereas elevated zones and south-facing slopes were more susceptible to desertification. Field observations corroborated the remote sensing findings, underscoring the reliability of satellite-derived data. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers in combating desertification and promoting sustainable natural resource management.