Disclosure of the Business Value in Financial and Non-Financial Reporting of International Corporations

The article highlights the features of business value disclosure in the financial and non-financial reporting of international corporations. It establishes that financial reporting provides standardized, reliable, and audit-verified data on past performance and key quantitative indicators, while non-financial reporting conveys information about intangible, strategic, and long-term value drivers. Their integration forms a more complete and comprehensive understanding of business value creation and provides a basis for well-founded managerial and investment decisions in global markets. Within the study, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis were applied to process approaches to business valuation, while methods of comparison, generalization, and detailing were used to examine financial and non-financial aspects of reporting. Induction and deduction, as well as a systems approach, were employed to identify specific features and interconnections in value disclosure based on practical information from well-known international corporations. The research demonstrates that financial and non-financial reporting constitute a complementary basis for business value disclosure and systematizes the most relevant non-financial components (climate and environmental indicators, human capital, intellectual capital and innovation, reputation and stakeholder relations, corporate governance, supply chain sustainability, integration of strategy and sustainability factors, key performance indicators, and industry benchmarks), outlining their impact on adjustments to financial valuation models. The regulatory context is considered, and practices of large multinational corporations worldwide are analyzed. The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of integrating the proposed financial and non-financial disclosures of business value, which ensures transparency and investor trust, creates a foundation for translating intangible factors into quantitative adjustments of standard valuation models, and emphasizes the need to account for sector-specific priorities of individual corporations. Expanding the practice of external independent verification of key indicators will increase the relevance of non-financial data for use in financial business valuation models. Future research perspectives include the application of artificial intelligence for a more precise transformation of non-financial factors into business value indicators and the development of industry-specific metrics to enhance the comparability and predictability of disclosures.