Sternal Complications After Clamshell Surgery for (Heart-)Lung Transplantation—A Systematic Literature Review

Despite limitations in study quality and heterogeneity, this review highlights the high prevalence and relevance of sternal complications following clamshell surgery for (heart-)lung transplantation. Future studies should focus on patient selection, risk stratification, development of modified sternal closure techniques, and implementation of alternative surgical approaches to (heart-)lung transplantation.