Mitigating Proppant Flowback in Area-1 Fields: A Case Study on the Implementation of Rod-Shaped Proppant

Abstract Proppant flowback has been a significant issue following hydraulic fracturing operations in several fields within the Area-1. It adversely impacts both surface and downhole equipment, leading to reduced production rates. Various methodologies to minimize this problem have been considered. However, the reservoir properties pose challenges for the implementation of some technologies. To mitigate this issue, recent hydraulic fracturing treatments in select wells have utilized rod-shaped proppant. This proppant not only interlocks to minimize flowback but also offers higher porosity compared to spherical grains. The trial was planned and executed in three steps: pumpability of the material, proof of concept, and optimization treatment. In the first step, the focus was on ensuring the material could be pumped effectively, meeting both surface equipment and reservoir requirements. During the proof-of-concept phase, the objective was to assess the reduction in proppant flowback before proceeding to optimize the treatment. A thorough evaluation of similar treatments worldwide was conducted to minimize potential issues. Post-fracturing surveillance was also performed to evaluate the results of the treatment. Despite learning from similar projects and implementing a "what to do" list, the first deployment encountered early job termination. Upon review, it was confirmed that the failure of the placement was caused by the limited width of the fracture and the minimal entrance hole of the perforation. In the second trial, a revised approach and requirements successfully placed the rod-shaped proppant in several wells, confirming the material's place-ability. During this phase, production results from several wells were evaluated, confirming a reduction in proppant flowback with similar production parameters. A further long-term study is currently being conducted to evaluate the long-term impact on production and proppant flowback. This paper provides a comprehensive background on the utilization of technology. It also outlines the step-by-step implementation process, and the lessons learned throughout. The paper highlights the challenges faced and the adjustments made to critical factors such as perforation strategy and fracture width. The insights gained from this study offer valuable guidance for future technological deployment in similar fields.