Prospects and challenges of novel natural marine-derived compounds in melanoma treatment

The increasing incidence of melanoma poses significant challenges for conventional treatment approaches, plagued by drug resistance and adverse side effects. Natural marine-derived compounds have gained prominence in melanoma research for their unique bioactivities and diversity. This review delves into the therapeutic potential of these compounds in melanoma treatment, emphasizing their distinctive advantages such as multi-target mechanisms and immune modulation, which distinguish them from traditional therapies. Additionally, we discuss the challenges in translating these agents into clinical applications, including formulation stability, bioavailability, and regulatory hurdles. Recent advancements in preclinical models such as organoids and completed clinical trials further support the exploration of marine-derived compounds in melanoma management. By consolidating current research, this review underscores the potential of these agents to enhance treatment efficacy and foster new therapeutic strategies.