StaticDrive: A solid-state mechano-electro-mechanic power transmission

Triboelectric nanogenerators offer promising energy-harvesting capabilities for powering sensors and electronics but face challenges in powering actuation as the generated power relies on high-frequency mechanical movement with high impedance, and low power output. We introduce StaticDrive, a mechano-electro-mechanic power transmission system that directly powers electrostatic actuators using triboelectric energy. Its high-performance flexible magnetic structure converts arbitrary sliding motion—driven by a joystick— into enhanced electrical output, achieving an open circuit voltage greater than 3.5 kV and a short-circuit current exceeding 90uA. When directly connected to dielectrophoretically amplified Liquid Zipping actuators, the generated energy is sufficient to drive actuation. We demonstrate its potential applications in distant manipulation such as precise catheter tip deflection and gripping. StaticDrive provides a compact, adaptable, lightweight and multifunctional solution for mechanical power transmission for low-force manipulation in hard-to-reach environments. • StaticDrive is introduced as a novel mechano-electro-mechanic power transmission system, enabling direct energy transfer from triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) to electrostatic actuators. • The Halbach-TENG design leverages a flexible magnetic structure to convert arbitrary sliding motion into high-voltage (3.5 kV) and high-current (90 μA) output, overcoming limitations of traditional TENGs. • The system integrates dielectrophoretic liquid zipping (DLZ) actuators, achieving real-time, solid-state power transmission without energy storage or complex mechanical linkages. • Demonstrated applications include precise catheter tip deflection and distal end gripping, showcasing potential for minimally invasive surgery and soft robotics. • The technology offers compact, lightweight, and multifunctional solutions for low-force manipulation in hard-to-reach environments, such as medical and industrial settings.