Development of a method for measuring physical parameters of snow avalanches and a device for its implementation

The paper proposes a new method for the study and early detection of the causes of spontaneous snow avalanches. It provides monitoring the physical parameters of snow in avalanches by measuring these parameters using sensors with an output value of electrical resistance, which include active resistance sensors, capacitive and inductive sensors. For the technical implementation of the method using the example of using sensors with active resistance, a device with wide functionality for continuous monitoring or monitoring at specified time intervals of the state of a snow avalanche has been developed in the work. It is possible to use a large number of sensors and their remote location from the measuring device. Obviously, the number of sensors is determined by the physical characteristics of a snow avalanche, including the slope angle, its area (the territory occupied by the snow avalanche), the most frequently observed height of snow cover, snow temperature and the dynamics of its change, etc. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the development of theoretical foundations of a new method for mass application in the field of protection against snow avalanches and environmental protection.