The Role of Liposomal Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

This study aims to highlight the potential of liposomal nanocarrier systems in addressing the challenges associated with the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and to provide a literature-based foundation for their use in targeted therapeutic approaches. This study evaluating the efficacy of liposomal drug delivery systems in TNBC treatment, along with current developments reported in the literature. Particular emphasis is placed on surface modifications involving PEGylation, antibodies, aptamers, and small molecules, and their impact on therapeutic success. TNBC accounts for approximately 20% of all breast cancer cases and represents a highly aggressive subtype characterized by treatment resistance and high metastatic potential. Conventional treatment methods often fall short, with recurrence observed in about 40% of cases and mortality reaching 80–90% due to therapy-resistant tumors. Liposomes have garnered attention due to their ability to enhance drug bioavailability, reduce systemic toxicity, and provide tumor site-specific targeting. Numerous formulations have been developed, ranging from PEGylated liposomes to antibody- and aptamer-conjugated systems, demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in various TNBC cell lines and animal models. Given the aggressive nature of TNBC and the limited treatment options, liposomal nanocarrier systems offer a promising alternative. The integration of these systems with specific targeting modifications may lay the groundwork for future personalized and more effective TNBC therapies. To facilitate clinical translation, it is essential to establish standardized production protocols, streamline regulatory processes, and strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations.