Differences in Language and Communication Development Among Preschool Children Living in Urban and Rural Areas of Kien Giang, Vietnam

Abstract: This study investigates the differences in language and communication development among preschool children living in urban and rural areas of Kien Giang province, Vietnam. Through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and parents, and vocabulary–communication skill assessments with children, the findings reveal that urban children generally possess a richer vocabulary, greater fluency of expression, and higher confidence in communication. These advantages stem from more favorable socio-economic conditions, access to modern educational environments, and stronger parental support. In contrast, rural children tend to experience slower language development, a more limited vocabulary, and fewer opportunities for diverse communication due to constraints in learning resources, educational facilities, and the surrounding living environment. The study further indicates that these disparities are influenced by multiple factors, including parental involvement, socio-cultural conditions, and the quality of preschool education in each setting. Based on these findings, the research proposes several solutions to reduce the gap, emphasizing the joint role of families, schools, and local authorities in creating a rich and diverse linguistic environment for preschool children.