High-density mapping in catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias

Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias has evolved in recent years with the development and improvement of various technologies, most notably electroanatomical navigators and multielectrode catheters that allow for high-density mapping. Despite these advances, it remains a challenging procedure requiring a high level of training, which can be facilitated by following a systematic approach during the procedure. While activation mapping is extremely useful, substrate mapping in scar-associated arrhythmias is also essential for understanding the circuit and providing the most comprehensive treatment possible. Throughout this review, we will highlight the most important aspects of ablation methodology and discuss potential advantages of high-density mapping.