The Delmataean War Society

Drawing on Slobodan Čače’s theories concerning the emergence and evolution of the Dalmatian social order, the author endeavours to reconstruct the Delmataean military organisation. He concludes that warrior values were upheld here, and that the military organisation was the product of indigenous development, with only limited acceptance of Hellenistic influences. Before the arrival of the Romans, the predominant aspect of war was the conquest and defence of fortresses. Following the destruction of Delminium and its leading aristocracy in the mid-2nd century BC, society was reorganised on a federal basis. Consequently, their army became a confederation of armies under a single federal command. There was also an elite standing detachment during the 1st century BC, which may have numbered up to 12,000 soldiers. The operations described in the sources demonstrate a strong chain of command and discipline, as well as a distinct ability to manoeuvre. This clearly indicates common training standards across the entire federation. In conflicts against the Romans, the Delmatae drew on their previous war experience, avoiding open battles and defending themselves in fortifications while exploiting the opportunities offered by the karst terrain for ambushes and surprise attacks. The history of the conflict between the Delmatae and the Romans clearly demonstrates the development of their military doctrine and tactical approach.