Unfolding the Atmospheric Muon Flux with IceCube: Investigating Stopping Muons and High-Energy Prompt Contributions
Atmospheric muons produced in cosmic-ray air showers are classified as conventional muons from pion and kaon decays and prompt muons from heavy hadron decays. Conventional muons dominate at lower energies, and the prompt component becomes dominant at PeV energies and above. Precisely measuring the atmospheric muon flux from a few GeV to several PeV is valuable for advancing our understanding of cosmic-ray interactions and testing hadronic interaction models. Low-energy muons that stop within the IceCube in-ice array provide valuable information about the energy spectrum of muons from a few hundred GeV up to 10 TeV. Machine learning techniques are employed to enhance event reconstruction and selection to provide insights into the conventional and prompt components. This contribution presents the unfolding of the energy spectrum of stopping muons in IceCube as well as the unfolding of high-energy muons to probe the prompt component.
Authors
- L. Schumacher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8945-6722)
- L. Köpke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-6348)
- Sofia Athanasiadou
- Kiara Carloni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3859-3748)
- Sarah Mechbal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8579-3964)
- Rishi Babu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-6780)
- Philip Weigel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-8507)
- Arun Vaidyanathan
- Thijs van Eeden
- Diego Alberto Coloma Borja (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-5793)
- G. M. Spiczak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-0519)
- Christy Love
- M. Lamoureux (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-5826)
- Krishnamoorthi Jayakumar
- Thien Nhan Chau (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-8159)
- Spencer Griswold (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-7513)
- Woosik Kang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-3778)
- I. Taboada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-3457)
- Daniel Salazar-Gallegos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-9684)
- S. R. Klein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2841-6553)
- Michael Campana (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-5739)
- James DeLaunay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5229-1995)
- Frank Schröder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-7210)
- Jonathan Mauro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9324-7970)
- Felix Schlüter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5545-4363)
- C. H. Wiebusch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6418-3008)
- P. Desiati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-1858)
- Lukas Hennig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2816-2242)
- C. De Clercq (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5266-7059)
- K. D. de Vries (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9842-4068)
- Alexander Sandrock (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6779-1172)
- Anil Kumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-7697)
- Sebastian Schindler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7054-5431)
- Yuriy Popovych
- Axel Pontén (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2463-2930)
- Federico Bontempo
- Hershal Pandya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6138-4808)
- Ek Narayan Paudel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9276-7994)
- A. Parenti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-5680)
- G. de Wasseige (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-5100)
- Veronika Palušová (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-1215)
- A. Haungs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-7574)
- Erik Ganster (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-6944)
- Leonora Kardum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-004X)
- Shefali Shefali
- J. Vandenbroucke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9867-6548)
- Colton Hill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-9174)
- Laurent Arnaud (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-4205)
- Shiqi Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0035-7766)
- Frederik Hermann Lauber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-5930)
- J. C. Díaz–Vélez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0087-0693)
- Richard Naab (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2512-466X)
- Julian Saffer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-6129)
- Christoph Raab (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-2668)
- J. V. Santen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-9728)
- Félix Carbonell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-0423)
- Matheus Hostert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9584-8877)
- Spencer Axani
- Miaochen Jin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-5595)
- Karriem Upshaw
- Dawn Williams
- Diyaselis Delgado (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4306-8828)
- G. C. Hill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8881-6802)
- Carolin Klein
- Felix Henningsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-6588)
- Markus Dittmer
- J. M. Conrad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-0438)
- P. Eller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-5209)
- S. Yoshida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-5105)
- Julia Book (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-5959)
- D. F. Cowen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4738-0787)
- Aswathi Balagopal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-8876)
- Nils Heyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-8623)
- Joelle Savelberg
- A. R. Fazely (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-8020)
- Finn Mayhew (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-403X)
- Kaustav Dutta
- Bennett Brinson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-1159)
- F. Halzen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6224-2417)
- Jeffrey Lazar
- Elena Manao
- E. Bernardini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-1141)
- Alicia Mand (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9697-1702)
- John Evans
- David Berley
- J. V. Mead (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-2533)
- Leon Hamacher
- Kael Hanson
- Matthias Thiesmeyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0005-4762)
- John Rack-Helleis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-4274)
- Thomas Ehrhardt
- Agnieszka Leszczyńska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-6313)
- Maximilian Meier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-9450)
- Martina Karl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-8951)
- C. Pérez de los Heros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2084-5866)
- Cristina Lagunas Gualda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9040-7191)
- Lars Philipp Heuermann
- Emma Kun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-3591)
- Darren Grant (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-3650)
- Sreetama Goswami (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-4092)
- Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-8866)
- T. Glüsenkamp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-9297)
- C. Finley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-390X)
- Anna Eimer
- Jan Soedingrekso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1011-2797)
- C. Argüelles (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-4182)
- Aishwarya Vijai
- Attila Hidvégi
- Kathrine Mørch Groth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1581-9049)
- Christian Spannfellner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7992-3120)
- Fahim Varsi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7795-0467)
- A. Connolly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0049-5448)
- Lucas Bloom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9938-3164)
- Jan Weldert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3709-2354)
- Barbara Skrzypek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0910-1057)
- X. Bai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-9121)
- Gaurav Garg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5198-8934)
- Yuya Makino
- M. Kowalski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8594-8666)
- E. Blaufuss (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-1757)
- Seowon Choi
- Shannon Gray (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-6838)
- V. A. Parrish (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-9414)
- Claudio Kopper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6288-7637)
- D. Chirkin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-1345)
- Vedant Basu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-2009)
- Zelong Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-8991)
- Oliver Janik
- S. Toscano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-2240)
- Gerhard Krieger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-0285)
- Yarno Merckx (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-9563)
- Christian Gläser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-2553)
- O. Botner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8588-7306)
- Alexander Harnisch
- Xianwu Xu
- Kirsten Tollefson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9725-1479)
- Kareem Ramadan Farrag
- S. Ter–Antonyan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5788-1369)
- J. Böttcher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-4236)
- Erin O’Sullivan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1882-8802)
- Bruno Benkel
- D. Ryckbosch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-7553)
- S. Sclafani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9446-1219)
- Maria Liubarska
- Nora Valtonen-Mattila (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-098X)
- Thomas Stuttard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7944-279X)
- Hannah Erpenbeck
- Will Thompson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-2562)
- Sarah Mancina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9879-3896)
- Lukas Merten (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1332-9895)
- T. Stezelberger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-9574)
- G. W. Sullivan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2585-2352)
- T. Karg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-2126)
- R. W. Moore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4160-4700)
- Jakob Beise (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7448-4189)
- Christian Haack (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3932-2448)
- Akanksha Katil
- Simeon Bash (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2680-1271)
- A. Ishihara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3467-1956)
- Alex Wen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4869-7867)
- L. Halve (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-6714)
- Martin Ha Minh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-4875)
- Daniel Durnford (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-7650)
- Zoë Rechav
- Francesco Lucarelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-8788)
- A. Obertacke Pollmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-043X)
- J. S. Gallagher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-0408)
- A. Hallgren (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7751-4489)
- William Luszczak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-0674)
- Leander Fischer
- Aske Rosted (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-400X)
- Rachel Procter-Murphy
- Sharmistha Chattopadhyay
- Ava Ghadimi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-6485)
- Jannis Necker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-7484)
- M. Ackermann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8952-588X)
- Rasha Abbasi
- W. Iwakiri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-9010)
- Peter John Cusack Coleman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-7358)
- M. J. Larson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-1155)
- Perri Zilberman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-0679)
- Janeth Valverde (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8090-6528)
- Harald Schieler
- Yang Lyu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2333-4383)
- Paras Koundal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-5230)
- K. Meagher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3967-1533)
- Emre Burak Yildizci
- Zheyang Chen
- Andreas Noell
- Chang Dong Rho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6524-9769)
- R. Maruyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2794-512X)
- Caterina Boscolo Meneguolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-4329)
- Minjin Jeong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2420-6639)
- Ella Roberts
- Rattikorn Hewett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-7777)
- Vivian O'Dell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-543X)
- Jose Carpio
- Angela Zegarelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1497-3826)
- S. BenZvi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-4710)
- A. Franckowiak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5605-2219)
- Ryan T. Burley
- Lea Schlickmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-6872)
- Shuyang Deng
- K. Noda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1397-6478)
- Yosuke Ashida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-2086)
- Waleed Esmail (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-3668)
- Joshua Villarreal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1310)
- K. Hultqvist (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0602-9472)
- N. Whitehorn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3157-0407)
- C. Rott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-6033)
- Larissa Paul (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-2829)
- Javier González (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-2235)
- M. A. DuVernois (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-9691)
- A. Karle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-5161)
- N. Kurahashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-8094)
- Gerrit Wrede
- Hans Niederhausen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9566-4904)
- W. Rhode (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-5000)
- Alejandra Granados (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-9281)
- K. Andeen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-0007)
- D. B. Fox (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-672X)
- Tomas Kontrimas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8585-0933)
- Karlijn Kruiswijk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9261-0537)
- Anatoli Fedynitch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2837-3477)
- Ali Kheirandish (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7074-0539)
- P. A. Evenson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-810X)
- Tetiana Kozynets (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2723-3931)
- K. Helbing (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2072-4172)
- Jesse Osborn
- Megha Venugopal
- Dennis Soldin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3005-7879)
- M. Kauer
- Jean-Marco Alameddine (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-9189)
- Thomas S. Huber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-8651)
- Sebastian BOSER
- David Joseph Guevel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-2328)
- A. Kappes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-3711)
- Frank McNally (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0785-2244)
- J. Kiryluk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-3133)
- Kara Hoffman
- Mark Weyrauch
- Ivan Martínez-Soler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0308-3003)
- T. Montaruli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5014-2152)
- Else Magnus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8111-1154)
- Yitong Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-1971)
- Alexander Novikov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-7252)
- N. Kamp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9232-259X)
- Chiara Bellenghi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8525-7515)
- Patrick Hatch
- Philipp Fürst (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-8042)
- J. J. Beatty (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-4952)
- M. García (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-1208)
- Benedikt Riedel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-8943)
- M. Plum
- Maria Prado Rodriguez
- Kayla Leonard DeHolton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-0601)
- Emmett Krupczak
- Ramesh Koirala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-7169)
- Pascal Gutjahr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7980-7285)
- Pranav Sampathkumar
- S. Seunarine (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-6896)
- Sam Hori (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2644-5955)
- Marc Jacquart
- Tista Mukherjee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-4878)
- M. Stamatikos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8553)
- D. Besson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6733-963X)
- Adam Rifaie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1010-5156)
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- Lincoln Draper
- Philipp Soldin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-2495)
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- Leonhard Eidenschink
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- Xinyue Kang
- Delaney Butterfield
- Yasutsugu Morii
- Alina Kochocki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3782-0128)
- Martin Rongen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7057-1007)
- Michael Handt
- Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-7354)
- Chris Weaver (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-093X)
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- Merlin Schaufel
- Marjon Moulai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-5812)
- M. Ahlers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0709-5631)
- Berit Schlüter
- Kwok Lung Fan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-4751)
- D. J. Koskinen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0514-5917)
- Jonas Häußler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5552-4821)
- Karolin Hymon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4377-5207)
- C. Ha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-8589)
- Yuhua Yao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-0075)
- Jonas Hellrung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7300-8961)
- Donghwa Kang
- Stef Verpoest (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-3206)
- Matthias Vereecken (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9194-5242)
- Alexandra Trettin
- J. L. Kelley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0846-4542)
- Simeon Reusch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7788-628X)
- Josh F. Peterson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-0749)
- Paul Behrens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2935-4799)
- Summer Blot (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-3001)
- Maxwell Nakos
- H. Kolanoski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-2524)
- Ludwig Neste (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-3469)
- Nick Schmeisser
- Lucas Witthaus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0666-3671)
- Anke Mosbrugger
- Eliot Genton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5263-972X)
- Teresa Pernice
- Patrick Schaile
- H. Kimku
- Martin Langgård Ravn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6872-8603)
- Leonardo Ricca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1638-0610)
- L. Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3175-7770)
- Shuo Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-790X)
- Andrew Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2889-6184)
- Li Ruohan
- Nobuhiro Shimizu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6857-1772)
- Yukiho Kobayashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5680-6614)
- Alfonso Garcia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-2459)
- Martin Wolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7226-9592)
- Wenjie Hou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-7185)
- Robert A. Young (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5105-9334)
- Samyak Jain (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7455-782X)
- Justin Mitchell
- J. Becker Tjus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-7367)
- Satoshi Fukami
- Christoph Günther (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6304)
- Riya Shah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2829-1260)
- Jessie Thwaites (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-3760)
- Serap Tilav
- Ralph Engel
- K. B. M. Mahn
- Najia Moureen Binte Amin
- Andreas Weindl
- Robert Snihur
- Arifa Khatee Zathul
- Kotoyo Hoshina
- Sebastian Vergara Carrasco
- Stephanie Hickford
- Subir Sarkar
- A. Søgaard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0823-056X)
- Jenni Adams
- Sally Robertson
- D. Seckel
- Uwe Naumann
- Juliana Stachurska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-5608)
- G. T. Przybylski
- Ryan Bay
- C. Lin
- Alex Olivas
- Juan Pablo Yáñez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-2569)
- T. DeYoung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-3783)
- Delia Tosi
- Dan Hooper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2456-1221)
- Katherine Rawlins
- Torsten Schmidt
- Timo Stürwald
- M. U. Nisa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-3944)
- Todor Stanev
- Andrii Terliuk
- Alba Domi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-7296)
- Brian Clark
- Ioana Codrina Mariş (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5771-1124)
- Christian Spiering
- G. B. Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-8082)
- Lilly Pyras
- Dominik Elsässer
- Nahee Park
- Pavel Zhelnin
- Sean Griffin
- John Hardin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-9010)
- Zsuzsa Márka
- L. Gerhardt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-5162)
- Gabriel Collin
- Manish Khanal
- Andrés Medina
- Juanan Aguilar
- Johannes Werthebach
- Matti Jansson
- Steven W. Barwick
- Jim Braun
- Enrico Ellinger
- Rebecca Corley
- C. Walck
- Alan Coleman
- Nora Feigl
- Neha Navnitkumar Lad
- Jim Madsen
- Chris Wendt
- Elizabeth Warrick
- Miriam Neumann
- B. L. Henke
- Jiyuan Liao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6250-4765)
- N. van Eijndhoven (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-3328)
- M. Santander (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-8217)
- T. Ruhe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4080-9563)
- E. Resconi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-2770)
- Per Arne Sevle Myhr
- Zoe Brisson-Tsavoussis
- Shoukat Ali
- Ramy Hmaid
- Sonke Schwirn
- Leo Seen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9204-0241)
- Grace Sanger-Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4463-2902)
- Marco Scarnera
- Stephen DiKerby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-2196)
- Joe Baines-Holmes
- Lars Marten
- Logan Molchany
- Despina Mousadi
- Emile Moyaux
- Vaidehi Poojyam
- Ian Reistroffer
- Ilya Bodo
- Amar Thakuri
- Lene van Rootselaar
- Thomas Delmeulle
- Lasse Dueser
- Steven Eulig
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-09-23
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0281
- Primary Topic
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Nvidia
- Michigan State University
- Villum Fonden
- Polarforskningssekretariatet
- Marquette University
- Western Canada Research Grid
- European Commission
- National Research Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Vetenskapsrådet
- RWTH Aachen University
- Chiba University
- Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics
- Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada
- College of Engineering, Michigan State University
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Marsden Fund
- Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University
- Office of Polar Programs
- Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure
- Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research