First Data of the 3000km2 Radio Detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

In this contribution, we present the status and first data from the Radio Detector (RD) at the Pierre Auger Observatory, consisting of $1660$ radio antennas deployed across the $3000$ km$^2$ surface detector array. These antennas measure the radio emission from extensive air showers in the $30-80$ MHz band, enabling electromagnetic energy measurements for air showers with zenith angles above $65^\circ$. Combined with the muonic measurements from the water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs), this allows mass composition studies at the highest energies. The large-scale deployment of the RD began in November 2023 and was completed in November 2024. A full end-to-end calibration shows consistency between Galactic and in-lab calibration to better than $5$% and includes continuous monitoring for hardware failures, ensuring, for example, antenna alignment within $5^\circ$. We present the first data, demonstrating a strong correlation between the electromagnetic energy measured by the RD and the total shower energy measured by the WCD, confirming that the detector chain - including triggering, data readout, absolute calibration, and reconstruction is well understood. We highlight a particularly impressive $32$ EeV shower at a zenith angle of $85^\circ$, producing a $50$ km-long radio footprint, showcasing the unique capabilities of this detector.

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Publication Details

Published
2025-09-23
DOI
https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0294
Primary Topic
Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

First Data of the 3000km2 Radio Detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Jörg R. Hörandel
Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
article

First Data of the 3000km2 Radio Detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Jörg R. Hörandel
article en

Abstract

In this contribution, we present the status and first data from the Radio Detector (RD) at the Pierre Auger Observatory, consisting of $1660$ radio antennas deployed across the $3000$ km$^2$ surface detector array. These antennas measure the radio emission from extensive air showers in the $30-80$ MHz band, enabling electromagnetic energy measurements for air showers with zenith angles above $65^\circ$. Combined with the muonic measurements from the water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs), this allows mass composition studies at the highest energies. The large-scale deployment of the RD began in November 2023 and was completed in November 2024. A full end-to-end calibration shows consistency between Galactic and in-lab calibration to better than $5$% and includes continuous monitoring for hardware failures, ensuring, for example, antenna alignment within $5^\circ$. We present the first data, demonstrating a strong correlation between the electromagnetic energy measured by the RD and the total shower energy measured by the WCD, confirming that the detector chain - including triggering, data readout, absolute calibration, and reconstruction is well understood. We highlight a particularly impressive $32$ EeV shower at a zenith angle of $85^\circ$, producing a $50$ km-long radio footprint, showcasing the unique capabilities of this detector.

Strong, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, Grantová Agentura České Republiky, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações, Vlaamse regering, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
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Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
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