<i>Stenotrophomonas muris</i> —first discovered as a potential human pathogen with strong virulence and antibiotic resistance, associated with bloodstream infections

<i>Stenotrophomonas muris</i> was first discovered as a potential human pathogen. Since it shares 99.72% similarity of the 16S rRNA to <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>, conventional diagnostic methods usually classify it as <i>S. maltophilia</i> clinically. However, the two human pathogens should be distinguished. The reason is that they have different virulence and different drug susceptibilities, which result in different administrations of drugs to treat their infections. To better distinguish these two pathogens and treat infections of <i>S. muris</i>, we investigated the virulence genes, the host response of <i>S. muris</i> infections, and susceptibility of <i>S. muris</i> to different drugs. The results we show in this paper will guide researchers to identify virulence genes, diagnostic biomarkers, and targets to develop treatment strategies for <i>S. muris</i> infections.