Effects of Single or Mixed Dietary Supplementation of α-Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Growth Performance, Flesh Quality, Digestion Capacity of Golden Trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary vitamins E (VE) and vitamin C (VC) and the VE+VC mixture on growth performance, gut morphology, feed utilisation in golden trevally. The results indicated that supplementation with vitamins E and C had a significant growth rate of golden trevally. Fish fed a diet supplemented with VE, VC, or a mixture of VE and VC showed significantly reduced size variations compared to fish fed the basal diet. Fish receiving diets supplemented with VE or a combination of VE and VC had a larger perimeter ratio (PR) than those receiving the control diet. Feed intake was reduced in the VE + VC group. Feed conversion ratios reduced significantly in fish fed diets supplemented with vitamins E and C. Dietary vitamin supplementation significantly influences body composition of fish.