Design and Performance Analysis of 29 GHz and 30 GHz Unit Cell Antennas with Array Configuration

This study examines the design and performance analysis of a 29 GHz unit cell antenna and a 30 GHz unit cell antenna, along with their <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$1 \times 2,2 \times 2,2 \times 4$</tex>, and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$1 \times 10$</tex> array patterns. The unit cells operating at 29 GHz and 30 GHz have dimensions of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{2. 5 5 m m} \times \mathbf{2. 5 5 m m} \times \mathbf{0. 0 1 7 ~ m m}$</tex> and are fabricated on a Rogers RO4350B (lossy) substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66. The 29 GHz unit cell features a “plus” pattern, while the 30 GHz unit cell employs a rectangular grid structure. Simulations conducted using CST Studio Suite reveal that the 29 GHz unit cell antenna achieves a directivity range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$8.98-15.2 \text{dBi}$</tex> and a gain range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$7.59-13.8 \text{dBi}$</tex> across its array configurations. Similarly, the 30 GHz unit cell antenna exhibits a directivity range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$8.38-16 \text{dBi}$</tex> and a gain range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$6.82-14.2 \text{dBi}$</tex> for its respective array configurations.