Smart Production 2035: AI, IoT, and Quantum Computing in European Manufacturing

This paper investigates the current and future role of innovative technologies in production management within European industrial companies. Rooted in the historical evolution of industrial revolutions, the study focuses on the ongoing transformation known as Industry 4.0, characterized by the integration of digital technologies such as IoT, big data, AI, and emerging concepts like quantum computing (QC). Drawing on both theoretical foundations and an empirical study, the paper reveals that while Industry 4.0 technologies are already widely implemented, companies face significant challenges related to complexity, costs, skills shortages, and strategic alignment. AI is identified as a key driver of future competitiveness, particularly in areas like predictive maintenance and quality control, though its adoption remains limited. QC, while still in the developmental stage, is seen as a future game-changer for optimization in production and logistics. The study offers practical recommendations, especially for SMEs, emphasizing the need for strategic integration, workforce development, and collaboration with research institutions. Ultimately, it concludes that early and systematic adoption of AI and QC will be critical for maintaining international competitiveness and shaping the future of industrial production.