A Trading-integrated Reverse Logistics Network for Demolition Waste Using Digital Twins: A Comprehensive Cost-Benefit Analysis

The growing volume of building demolition waste has gradually become a worldwide concern. Existing reverse logistics network research mainly focuses on minimizing logistics costs. The impact of waste trading on reverse logistics networks and demolition projects is overlooked. In response to this, this paper proposed a trading-integrated reverse logistics network for demolition waste, leveraging the classic five-dimensional digital twin model. Subsequently, A mixed-integer linear programming model is formulated to identify the optimal building demolition waste disposal route within the trading-integrated reverse logistics network from the demolisher's perspective. Moreover, through cost-benefit analysis, it explores how waste trading affects the net profit of the demolition project. A case study is carried out using data from a real estate site in Beijing, which comprises eight buildings. Based on this, several valuable implications are summarized. This research is among the first to discuss the trading-integrated reverse logistics network with a cost-benefit analysis.