Research on GNSS Time Spoofing Detection Algorithm Based on Carrier Doppler Difference

To protect relevant industries from the impact of Time-Spoofing Attacks (TSA) and enable rapid detection of attacks after a TSA occurs, a carrier Doppler-based time spoofing detection and recognition method is proposed. This method leverages the characteristic that when implementing a TSA, the attacker adds not only code Doppler but also correspondingly increases carrier Doppler, resulting in consistent abnormal changes in the carrier Doppler of all satellite channel. Based on this characteristic, a detection statistic following a normal distribution is constructed to statistically analyze the correlation of changes among different satellite channels. The TSA detection experiment is verified using the TEXBAT dataset and compared with two existing detection methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Cor-Dop method in this paper has a higher detection speed. Moreover, since the Cor-Dop method integrates all satellite channels for detection, it has a lower false alarm rate and achieves better detection performance.