Discrimination and Countermeasures of Target Capture Risks of Narrow Beam Antennas Affected by Atmospheric Refraction

The significant angle deviations observed in large-aperture, high-frequency-band narrow-beam antennas under digital guidance during range test and aerospace TT&C missions were studied in this paper. Based on the principle of atmospheric refraction, static experiments were conducted on a Ka-band TT&C system to simulate antenna convergence characteristics under varying atmospheric refractive deviation angles and signal intensity constraints. The causes of sidelobe tracking and failure to lock onto dynamic targets were systematically analyzed. Based on analytical results, an innovative capture strategy was proposed to enhance the digital guidance acquisition capability of narrow-beam antennas under refractive deviation effects. This strategy features practical applicability in TT&C systems and lays the foundation for improving the execution reliability of missile and aerospace missions.