Mitigation of Grating Lobe in Planar Arrays Using 2D Subarray Null Steering

A novel 2D array of 2D phased subarrays is proposed to mitigate grating lobes in array of subarray configuration by steering the null/s in the subarray pattern to the direction of grating lobe/s. The configuration achieves a reduction in grating lobes by a significant level. Furthermore, the approach proposed reduces the number of phase shifters required to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{2 5 \%}$</tex>. Additionally, the array enables wide-angle beam scanning, covering a range of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0^{\circ} \leq \theta \leq 60^{\circ}$</tex> across the entire azimuth plane.