Design and Analysis of an Annular Ring Antenna for GNSS Applications

In a order to achieve the necessary impedance bandwidth and radiation properties, the antenna design presented in this study includes an annular ring on the top layer and a Wilkinson power divider positioned strategically on a the bottom layer. The annular slot design facilitates small size while preserving the critical GNSS frequency band characteristics. Important for GNSS transmissions, the antenna is made to work in the L1 (1575.42 MHz), L2 (1227.60 MHz), and L5 (1176.45 MHz) bands. HFSS software is used to analyze and simulate the annular antenna. The obtained findings show that, within the GNSS frequency ranges, the axial ratio is ≤ 3 dB and the return loss is 17 dB, 23dB, and 15 dB with gains of 7.29 dB, 6.04dB, and 2.98 dB.