Design and Implementation of Reconfigurable Microwave Wireless Power Transfer Systems for Small-Scale Applications

The design and implementation of reconfigurable Microwave Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems have opened new possibilities for efficient, contactless energy delivery, particularly in small-scale applications. This paper presents a reconfigurable WPT system operating at 2.45 GHz with a transmission power of 1 W and an antenna gain of 6 dBi, optimized for powering devices such as smart home appliances and IoT systems. The system's reconfigurability ensures precise alignment of the antenna systems, maximizing transmission efficiency and power delivery. The load device being considered in this paper is powered by a 2.2 Ah Li-ion battery, with the system's specifications optimized to charge the battery in under one hour. Key performance metrics- including transmission distance, propagation losses, and environmental impact- are analyzed to assess the system's efficiency and adaptability. The results demonstrate the practicality of reconfigurable microwave WPT systems for real-world applications, emphasizing the critical role of adaptive antenna design and system optimization in achieving reliable, sustainable, and efficient wireless power solutions for small-scale devices.