Design and Analysis of Metamaterial Absorber for Wireless Sensor Applications

This paper presents the development and design of a metamaterial-based absorber using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) for applications in sensing and detection. Metamaterials, engineered with periodic sub-wavelength structures, exhibit unique electromagnetic properties such as negative permittivity and permeability, enabling enhanced wave manipulation, resonance tuning, and improved absorption characteristics. The proposed absorber is designed to achieve absorption below −10 dB, ensuring 90 % efficiency electromagnetic wave attenuation across the targeted frequency range. The structure is polarization-insensitive, operating independently of TE and TM modes, making it suitable for diverse practical applications. Simulation results indicate that the absorber achieves maximum absorption at X band frequencies [1], demonstrating its effectiveness for microwave applications. Additionally, key performance parameters such as Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), incident angle dependency, frequency response, and gain characteristics are thoroughly analysed to assess the absorber's efficiency under varying conditions. The integration of metamaterials in this design provides a compact, tunable, and highperformance solution for applications in electromagnetic shielding, radar cross-section (RCS) reduction, imaging, and advanced sensing technologies. The findings validate the potential of metamaterialbased absorbers for next-generation electromagnetic applications.