Design and Optimization of Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Automotive Radar and 6G Wireless Communication

The W-Band (75-110 GHz) is gaining prominence as a key spectrum segment for next-generation 6 G wireless systems. This study introduces the development and evaluation of an edge-fed, dual-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna optimized for W -band usage. The antenna is implemented on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate, known for its low-loss characteristics and a relative permittivity of 2.2. The designed antenna demonstrates effective performance across two operational bands: 76.13-81.29 GHz and 99.33-105.02 GHz. The lower band is centered at 78.62 GHz with a bandwidth of 5.16 GHz and an average gain of 8.03 dB, while the upper band resonates at 102.09 GHz, offering a 5.69 GHz bandwidth and 7.4 dB average gain. Furthermore, the antenna maintains a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) below 2 across both bands, ensuring optimal impedance compatibility and minimal return loss. With its compact and efficient structure, the proposed design is well-suited for cutting-edge applications in 6G technologies, including automotive radar systems and ultrafast wireless communication links.