Analysis of Multiband Microstrip Leaf Patch Antenna

A multiband leaf-shaped patch antenna with rectangular vein slots and a defected ground structure (DGS) is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna, with compact dimensions of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$16 \times 16 \times 1.6 \text{mm}^{3}$</tex>, operates at a center frequency of 10 GHz. By incorporating the rectangular vein slots and DGS, the antenna achieves multiband performance with bandwidths of 110 MHz (13.21 GHz to 13.32 GHz), 240 MHz (12.58 GHz to 12.82 GHz), and 400 MHz (7.74 GHz to 8.14 GHz). It offers a peak gain of 4.9 dBi at 7.95 GHz and exhibits circular polarization within the frequency range of 7.74 GHz to 8.14 GHz. These characteristics make the antenna suitable for applications in the C and X bands. Simulations have been performed using Ansys HFSS software to validate the design and performance.