Study on Oam Beam Divergence

This paper presents the minimization of the divergence angle of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam with the help of dielectric lenses. A four-element Uniform Circular Array (UCA) antenna is used to generate a +1 OAM mode, at a resonant frequency of 5.2 GHz in the WLAN band. The minimization of the beam divergence is attempted with dielectric lenses of different shapes. The project seeks to improve the beam focus and reduce divergence, thereby enhancing the practical utility of OAM beams in advanced communication and imaging technologies.